Making Mecha Miniatures Using Shapr3D

Introduction

After many days of labor and tinkering, I am publicly documenting my efforts making high-quality tabletop mecha miniatures using Shapr3D and a FDM printer. It took a very long journey to get to this point. I created my first 3D printed, multi-part, mecha miniature 17 years ago, and I’ve been tinkering with software and hardware ever since. So I’m well acquainted with what does and doesn’t work with different consumer printer types.

Assembled Regolos mecha miniature printed at 0.2mm layer height.To begin, why print mecha miniatures in smaller scales on a FDM machine? Affordable, consumer-grade resin printers (SLA, DLP, LCD) have recently become cheap and plentiful. They offer superior print quality for the same price (sometimes cheaper!) Their software is simpler to use, and with far fewer settings to master. Why bother with PLA?

In one word, resin. Dealing with UV-curing resin is not easy or simple (even if resin printer operation is). It emits a high degree of VOCs (violatile organic compounds), cannot be disposed of down a sink, or thrown away in the trash. It also can’t be exposed to daylight or it cures. That means dealing with the stuff in the most dangerous place you can use it with human beings: an enclosed, indoor room. So prepare to use nitrile gloves, a mask, and a way to vent toxic fumes outdoors. Not everyone has a working space capable of dealing with this, especially for some hobby miniatures. And I need to be risk-averse with a compromised immune system.

Conversely, FDM printers are desktop-friendly. There’s something satisfying about revving up a reliable machine with no need for enclosures, toxic resins, or messy post-cleanup and curing. It’s as easy as using a deskjet printer. And what if I told you I can print miniatures, using a mere 0.2mm layer height, that pass for resin prints? At least for table top wargaming. I may not necessarily use them as mold masters for mass production. But unless they break out a magnifying glass, my friends can’t really tell the difference. I have really nailed a process for them. Chances are, with the millions of machines built or sold in the past few years, you may have a FDM printer already. So why not put that cheap PLA filament to good use?

I. Software and Design

Making a mecha miniature in Shapr3D.I discovered the first part of my new pipeline when my wife bought me a regular iPad (not even a Pro) and Apple Pencil for my birthday in 2021. I’d drooled over 3D apps before when I tried and failed to get them to work on my iPhone. So I went back to the App Store, hopeful this time. I tried a slew of 3D apps like uMake, Onshape, Fusion 360, and Shapr3D. I boiled my search down between uMake and Shapr, but it became quickly apparent that Shapr was the right choice for 3D printing. It is one of the easiest modeling apps I’ve learned, on any platform.

Using an Apple Pencil, I can create faster than I ever could with a mouse. And when it comes to designing tabletop mecha miniatures, the tools cannot be beaten with a stick. Plus Shapr exports directly to .stl, while I needed a buggy 3d party plugin to do it with the free version of Sketchup. It doesn’t hurt that they have a Windows version. So if my iPad snuffs it, I could switch over to a Surface or tablet with a stylus. Sketchup isn’t bad, it’ll always have a place in my heart. But for the most part, Shapr3D just works.

II. Hardware and Printing

The second part of the pipeline happened when 3D printer manufacturer Anycubic debuted the Vyper in 2021. This relatively inexpensive FDM printer has a self-leveling, heated print bed with a removable magnetic surface. After working with manual leveling glass beds on older machines, this is a godsend. The build quality is excellent for the price. Although Anycubic is better known for their resin printers (like the Photon) their FDM printers are rock solid reliable. A Creality Ender 3 this is not! No more guessing if my bed was properly leveled, or fighting poor bed adhesion. It is also very easy to dial in compared to older FDM printers. By having a reliable, easy to use printer, I don’t have to fix much. The hardware side of the equation was complete.

Some basic Cura settings.Note: you don’t have to have a Vyper. A Creality Ender 3 S1, BIQU B1 SE Plus, Artillery Genius Pro, or any good FDM printer will do. Just get one that can print reliably. Automatic bed leveling would be a nice bonus. It will make your life so much easier.

Every printer has its own personality, so to speak. Different build types give different results (and have their own unique quirks). For example, my Vyper requires a little fine tuning of the z-depth every time I re-level the thing. This is also why spending more for quality of life features (usually) prevents some headaches. It is what it is. However, there are some universal hardware settings that ensure every printer does what it says on the tin. I’ll explain the common problems in depth and how to fix or avoid them.

III. Slicer Settings

The third part is the slicer settings I figured out over the course of a couple years printing with Cura. You can’t just take the famous (infamous?) Siepie Cura settings and go. The magic sauce is a combination of print speeds, support settings, and the free Cura plugin Custom Supports by Krasimir Stefanov. This is the most important part of my method, honestly. FDM slicer settings are absolutely critical for getting decent (let alone great) results in your prints.

Finally, I’ll explain the pipeline over three blog posts to keep the instructions simpler and more concise:

1. I’ll show you how to design your mecha miniatures for printing, and how I use Shapr3D as a bonus.

2. I’ll show how I print my parts, and how to avoid the worst pitfalls with printing. Hint: you don’t need anything fancy to do this, a common bowden tube printer will do.

3. I’ll show my Cura settings, and go over which ones you’ll need (regardless of printer) to try this yourself.

I’ll post Part I soon so make sure you sign up to be notified. After all, I still have mecha to make!

 

If you wish to be notified when Part I goes live, please sign up below.

 

On Star Blazers

As a four year-old in the 1970’s, the joys of UHF channels were numerous. They were the old school equivalent of YouTube, showing a variety of things that regular network channels simply couldn’t or wouldn’t broadcast. Their boilerplate schedule typically included old sitcom re-reruns and movies the networks couldn’t be bothered to find ad revenue for. But every now and then, in the eyes of a kid, something truly unique would appear. School mornings, in particular, were notable.

I still remember one particular morning. It was so early the sun hadn’t decided whether to rise or not. Our house was not well lit even though the lights in the adjoining kitchen were on. The room was fairly dark, almost like a movie theater. My mother, an introverted hippy married to an extroverted salesman, was in the middle of getting me ready for another day of kindergarten. My sister, a mere two years younger, was throwing a hissy fit.

I never liked it when my parents were upset, and my high performance sis, bless her heart, had a special ability to fluster my mom at the drop of a hat. Before you could say ‘I’ll give you something to really cry about’, the tv flew on. My mom wrenched the UHF knob through over a dozen channels in a half second twist. Ah, a cartoon set in space. The zipcord-like sound of the channel knob stopped and she ran off to tend to my screaming sibling.

All of this focused my fragile little brain on the tv like a moth to the flame. The show, Starblazers, started with a marshal march, a catchy chorus, and a spaceship’s engine glowing in the eerie dark of space merged with the pitch black of our house. And with guns! Oh ho, the mom-lady wouldn’t like this! You couldn’t pry me away with a crowbar. I still remember the theme song over thirty plus years later:

We’re off to outer space, we’re leaving Mother Earth
To save the human race. Our Star Blazers!
Searching for a distant star, heading off to Iscandar.
Leaving all we love behind, who knows what dangers we’ll find?
We must be strong and brave, our home we’ve got to save.
If we don’t, in just one year, Mother Earth will disappear
Fighting with the Gamalons, we won’t stop until we’ve won
Then we’ll return, and when we arrive,
The Earth will survive with our Star Blazers!

 

 

Derek Wildstar and Captain Avatar were going to Iscandar. They gave you the basic plot right there in the theme song. Within half a minute, I knew exactly what the show was about. Hot diggity, a cartoon kinda like Star Wars! I loved cartoons (still do) but Star Blazers was another beast entirely. This show had as much in common with Loonytunes as Gilligan’s Island to Ghandi (no offense to Bob Denver).

To start with, the tone was much darker than anything I’d ever seen. The evil Gamilons had devastated the Earth’s surface with atomic weapons, driving all of humanity underground. The radiation’s toxicity would reach Earth’s remaining population in one year. Queen Starsha from the planet Iscandar sends a message: she has technology that can cleanse Earth of all radiation. She also sends plans for something called the Wave Motion engine, a powerful weapon to be used against the Gamilons.

To survive, Earth sends their last starship, the Argo, on a mission to planet Iskandar to retrieve the technology that can save the planet. The journey wasn’t told in one-off, disposable, adventure-of-the-week episodes. It was a continuous storyline, and you had to watch each episode to keep up. The show’s characters often got hurt, seriously injured, or died from battle or sickness. Nothing else on my tv rivaled it.

I hadn’t actually seen Star Wars at this point; I was barely 4 years-old when the movie came out. I knew the plot, the characters, and the toys. But Star Blazers might as well have been Star Wars for all I cared. I had no idea what I was watching. But it had robots like R2-D2, starfighters like X-wings, and big ships like Star Destroyers, and the good guys had all three.

I had no idea I was watching what was called anime. I had no idea how much Star Blazers had been fundamentally altered from the original anime, Space Battleship Yamato. I also had no idea I was watching one of the most iconic cultural depictions of Japanese nationalism in anime since World War II (and completely re-written for a western audience to boot). All I knew was Star Blazers was cool even if no one else around me knew about it, and that was all that mattered. This was something special, and despite my tender age, I knew it in my bones. Little did I know how right I was.

The Rewrite

https://storage.needpix.com/rsynced_images/nuclear-2136244_1280.jpgI’m still reeling over slapping 40,000 words from my novel into the Trunk of Wailing and Gnashing of Teeth. It’s may be all ‘part of the writing process’, but it doesn’t make it any less frustrating or painful. After months of agonizing re-writes, I came to a simple, brutal decision. Trunk the prose and start again with a better method of writing.

I pulled the trigger a month ago. However, it took me two years writing in my spare time to produce a nearly complete rough draft. Yet here I was tossing it all away. I may have done what I was supposed to do, which is bleed on the page as Ernest Hemingway so loftily put it, but it was all for naught. It gutted me like a Hollywood horror victim.

What triggered this decision? The major catalyst began when I took my first five pages to a writer’s conference for critique. This involved sitting around a table with my trembling imaginary child, several other writers with their invisible offspring, and a veteran novelist leading the critique. What followed was enlightening as much as it was agonizing.

What was my verdict? There was absolutely no tension. No one cared about the characters or what they were doing. No one had any reason to. You have to give readers stakes in the story, at least in the first five pages, or they will stop reading. Faulkner told me to kill my darlings, but the writing group already had. They did what I could not.

At the time, I took the drubbing, which is what it was, somewhat well. But it left me stunned nonetheless. I had characters, I had setting, I had action. How did I not have a story? But the critiques were honest and unanimous. No tension existed in those first five pages. That was a major problem, at least if I wanted my audience to keep reading any further.

But this didn’t mean tossing the whole 40,000 precious jewels out the window like a sack of rotten potatoes! The first five pages needed help, surely, but the rest of the story would come about in the re-write. A glimmer of hope lingered in me yet.

Where to go from here? I needed better tools. I needed research. But I also resolved not to write the story any further until I figured out how to solve the issue of tension. Without it, I may very well be furthering my mistakes. Deep down, I shivered at the thought of editing what I had so far, incomplete as it was. Little did I know.

Time To Take Off The Pants

Leather Pants Costume Clothing - Free photo on PixabayConfession time: I’m what the writing community calls a pantser. That means I sit down and just start writing. No outline, no planning, no research. I write what comes to mind. That’s fine when you’re writing a blog post or a short story. However, I’ve personally come to the conclusion there are very few people who can pants a novel well (and live to tell about it). This means I need some tools to help me write long form fiction. Thankfully I found them.

Before I go into that, let’s go back to what inspired me to write in the first place. I’m a fan of giant robots that blow stuff up. Robotech, Macross, Gundam, Voltron, Mighty Gobots, I could list off dozens of shows that inspired me as a child (and that I never outgrew). I cobbled together several sprawling day dreams I’d accumulated over the years into what I will loosely call a ‘story’.

As I wrote, a deep sense of foreboding kept creeping up the back of my neck. I didn’t care if I had the tools to write a good story or not, I thought. I need to write this and get it out of my head and onto the page. I kept saying to myself: I’ll fix it all in the rewrite. Very famous last words.

I delved into craft immediately. I purchased and read several informative, teachable texts on craft, characters, plotting, and scene structure. I learned from the likes of Orson Scott Card (Character & Viewpoint), Donald Mass (The Emotional Craft of Fiction), and Jack M. Bickham (Scene & Structure). These books were a good start. However, I would not recommend them as a starting point for researching craft. Think of them as extra credit courses, but they’re not in your major.

I worked on my characters and plotting, and overall I felt an improvement. But tension continued to elude me. I delved further. I had to find what kept my story from being as interesting as it ought to be, needed to be.

I switched focus from characters and plotting to actual writing basics. Better to be humble and learn than stumble and fall again, I thought. I came across James Scott Bell’s “Write Your Novel From The Middle” and devoured it in two days of study. Finally, I thought, I’m making some headway. Bell makes some good points. However, this still ended up being a book I’d save for a little later if I had to do over again.

A Hybrid Snowflake

snow, crystal, winter, cold, snowflake, ice, frost, frozen ...Flummoxed I still wasn’t finding what I needed, I hit up Randy Ingermanson’s webpage for the “Snowflake Method”. I couldn’t stomach the schlocky advertising for the book, but I did want to see what he had to say. Ironically, it was when I came across his blog post “How To Write The Perfect Scene” that I stumbled upon, for the first time, a decent way to write. A way to write I could understand and use.

Randy is an Outliner, the opposite of a pantser. His book, the Snowflake Method, is one holy grail method for a lot of outliners. I can’t outline my way out of a paper bag, but Randy does have some good advice for pantsers looking for a hybrid method that may work for them.

Buried in the first few paragraphs, Randy mentioned another author’s book on craft, Dwight Swain’s “Techniques of the Selling Writer“. Wait a minute, I thought, James Scott Bell referred to Dwight Swain in his book. If two writing authors refer to the same guy they learned from, I ought to pay attention.

It turns out, Dwight Swain is to authors what the Ramones are to rock bands. No one knows who they are, but members of both professions respectively worship the ground each broke in their fields. Also, both are dead, but that only enhances their notoriety.

In my opinion, Dwight Swain’s career ended as a paradox. Despite writing more than 50 novels and being published in Fantastic Adventures, he found more fame in writing instruction. Although prolific, he wound up as professor emeritus at the University of Oklahoma. His works, although numerous, didn’t strike me as very popular; I hadn’t heard of a single story he’d written. Not an auspicious sign.

However, if both Randy and James worshipped the words this guy wrote, I ought to persist. I bought the kindle version of Techniques of the Selling Writer, popped it onto my phone, and began reading. Two days later, I had documented 26 pages of notes. I’ll repost the Cliff Notes in my next missive.